Eating Milkweed Doesnt Make Monarch Caterpillars Sick

Mass Media Usage - 813 Words

Introduction to Media Industries Media Visualization Essay Media Usage Mass media has become a powerful tool in shaping our culture, and is largely reflective of our society today. According to our text book and class lecture notes, mass media can be loosely defined as the technological vehicles through which mass communication takes place, along with the industries which control them. Over the years, mass media, has had a profound effect on American society, on its culture, and on the individuals exposed to the media. Mass media effects people differently because of varied amounts of exposure and formats; however with the convergence of media, todays society fails to recognize the immense influence that mass communication has on†¦show more content†¦Finally, our society uses mass communication and media as a form of education via research. Initially, I was unaware of the information I consumed on a daily basis from varying media sources; however after reviewing my journal of media usage, I became acutely aware of just how influenti al media is to my education and understanding of the world. For example, I spend a large amount of time doing research for my homework- from required research to looking up the meaning of a word or phrase. I am often exposed to hundreds of sites- functioning as informational sources-with a simple click on a URL or hyperlink. Our culture is influenced through various mediums of media, and educated on various topics including, culture, opinions, and people. However, we must be cautious of the validity of the information we obtain and use, because the media is constantly attempting to sway or manipulate public opinion. By keeping a journal of my media usage I was able to better understand how media plays an important role in my life. I also became more aware of the influence media has on society, and how I can become more cognizant of its notable impacts. In our society media plays a larger role than most individuals realize. As mass communication and media are constantly evolving it i s important that we understand these changes. Through this deepened awareness I hope to immerse myself in a media culture that is free from manipulation, biasShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of News And Social Media Effects On Society And Individuals Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesI. Title of Paper - Analysis of news and social media effects on society and individuals. II. Introduction – a. Utilizing Sociological and Psychological literature, this paper will conduct a critical analysis of mass media and more specifically social media and the effects/persuasions it has on society and individuals. 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Marketing of Apollo Bay Beachfront Motel-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Marketing of Apollo Bay Beachfront Motel. Answer: Background The concept of brand value came up in the recent decades due to the increasing competition in the market. This is also due to the increased transaction that is taking place in tourism industry. Calendar year 2015-16 reflects a value worth $43.6 billion in Australian market (industry.gov.au, 2017). The companies now have to look after the interest of the customers desires and requirements to satisfy the needs a better way than their competitors, instead of just producing and selling the products. Aim The aim of the report will be to identify the existing value proposition of the company and to develop and deliver greater value to the customers. Company Profile The organisation selected for the study is Apollo Beachfront Motel located 163, Great ocean Bay, Apollo Road, Vic 3233. The motel offers world class service and modern rooms to its customers that come into three categories. They are twin, queen and superior queen rooms to their customers decorated with modern furniture and design. The company aims to satisfy the customers with a range of budgets, which made them to offer three different ranges of products. Competitors The company receive tight competition in the market from the competitors such as Cumberland Lorne Resort, Lord Ard Motor Inn, Coastal Motel and Mantra Lorne. Target Market The company offers their products and services to the tourists how come to visit the Apollo bay on holidays or weekends. To be more precise, the primary targets of the company are the couple tourists. Current Value The rating reflected in the third party trip advisors shows that the company has successfully positioned itself in the top of the motel list in the area. Moreover the rating also reflects the customer satisfaction level. The motel received a rating of 4.5 out of 5, which positions them as high end product in the market. Position The company has positioned themselves as luxurious in the operating market with modern facilities offered in their motel. Justification for value proposition Hence, it is necessary for them to constantly revise their value proposition and marketing plan to attain the competitive advantages. Moreover, a large number of youth from different parts of the country visits the beach in Apollo Bay in the weekends, which can be an opportunity to increase the profit. The report will identify the marketing plan for the same purpose. Research Methods Some of the marketing tools that have been used are STP, porters value positioning and VIRO framework for understanding the target market, customers value and competitors value proposition. These further help in designing and communicating future value for the product. STP STP stands for segmentation, targeting and positioning. The organisations use this tool for segmenting the target population that can be based on number of variables such as demographic, psychographic, lifestyle, belief and values, geographic and any other possibilities that can be incorporated as long it fulfils the need (Killen et al, 2012). Targeting on the other hand is the process of identification of the particular part of the segmented society the company wants to sell their products and services to. Different variables that plays active role in it can be size, money, accessibility and focused benefits of the target group (Hassan Craft, 2012). Positioning comes at the end of the cycle where the company decides how to position their product and services to attract the maximum number of targeted customers (Pyo, 2015). Organisations can implement BCG matrix in this part for positioning their product in the market. Figure 1: STP Use of STP for this report will help Apollo Bay Beachfront to identify the target market and provide necessary information required to design and communicate future value to the products and services. Porters Value Proposition This particular tool proposed by Porter offers the organisation to identify the customer needs and satisfaction through the product (E. Dobbs, 2014). It identifies three major aspects of value that are physical value, value of experience and the emotional appeal the customer receives from using the product (Ballantyne et al, 2011; Yunna Yisheng, 2014). The comparison of these values help a company determine the impact that the product might have on the target market. This can communicate the utility of the products to the customer and identify satisfaction level of the products offered to the customers. VIRO Framework Figure 2: VRIO Framework The company conducts competitive analysis by understanding the internal strengths with the help of VRIO framework analysis. The four variables in this model are valuable, rare, Imitate and organised (Chatzoglou et al, 2017). The resources of the company are considered valuable if they find success in address the perceived value of the customers. Rare variable on the other hand identifies the availability of the product in the market and the amount the competitors can offer to the customers. The third variable identifies the level competitors can attain in imitating the products offered (Lin et al, 2012). The final variable recognises if the company is organised that is required in capturing value. Current Value Analysis Customers perceived Value Customers perceived values are the cumulative value possessed by the customers from a product or service in relation to the price they had to pay for the product. It is determined by the satisfaction level of the customer after using the product or services (Boksberger Melsen, 2011). Hence, the amount of customers perceived value is directly proportionate to the product and service quality with the price of the product customer paid. Figure 3: Customers Perceived Value Apollo Bay Beachfront Motel provides world class services to their customers in low price. The primary target customers are the travellers who come in pair from various parts of the country and from overseas to spend some quality time (Li Green, 2011). They have modified their products accordingly to satisfy needs of the customers. The beachfront Motel offers three types of rooms to their products namely twin rooms, queen rooms ad superior queen rooms pricing accordingly from low to high. The rooms are decorated with modern furniture and appliances. The services on the other hand are satisfactory in case of Apollo Bay Beachfront Motel. Every single room in Beachfront Motel is equipped with modern appliances and features like free wifi, 32 LCD HD TV with free connection package, air conditioning and heating. Moreover, the customers also receive services like bar fridge and BBQ facilities (beachfrontmotel.com.au, 2017). The pricing of the rooms on the other hand ranges from $ 180 to $380 AU depending on the type of room as mentioned above. The services provided to the rooms are similar irrespective of their type. The provided services and products by the Apollo Bay Beachfront motel are comparatively low and affordable regardless of the location the motel is situated in. A study on the rating and review of the motel found on various third-party booking websites reflects a higher rating for the motel. For example, the rating data collected from the tripadvisor, an international booking website reflects four stars out of five that is considered as high rating (Tripadvisor.com.au, 2017). Moreover, the customers shares satisfactory reviews about the products and services provided by the company. This can conclude that the company is successful in satisfying their target customers with their products and services. Competitor analysis The primary competitors that have been identified in the market are Cumberland Lorne Resort, Lord Ard Motor Inn, Coastal Motel and Mantra Lorne. These are posing direct threat to Apollo Bay beachfront Motel by providing similar products and services to their customers. They have received rating ranging from four to five. This reflects that the competitors have gained success in satisfying their customers needs. The example of Cumberland Lorne Resort can be brought up for identifying the customer value provided by the competitors of the beachfront Motel. Cumberland Lorne Resort offers the customers a wider range of rooms to their customers. They offer their customers from single room to a resort that can hold the number of 6-10 guests (Cumberland.com.au, 2017). Moreover, they also provide a wider range of modern appliances similar to those provided by Beachfront hotel. In addition, they offer other devices like, hair dryer, grooming kits, and many more. Moreover, the room size offered by Cumberland is greater than that of Beachfront Motel. These are successful in attracting a wider range of customers. Moreover, the companies offer the customers both direct and third party travel agency booking facility to their customers that gives them a competitive advantage in the market. However, the price structure of the companies is higher, compared to the company under study. This is also evidenced in the reviews of the customers from different online booking websites. They have reflected their satisfaction in their reviews, mentioning the fact of high price that bothered some of the customers of these hotels. Beachfronts Current value Position Apollo Bay Beachfront motel has positioned them as luxury motel in low price. They provide a range of rooms and quality service to their target customers in comparatively low price to gain competitive advantage in the market they have positioned themselves in such a way to attract young couples who visits the Apollo Bay beach. Use of STP reveals that the company set values accordingly to the couples need and target the young couples from both domestic and international market (Hassan Craft, 2012). The price range offered to the customers also successfully addresses the complete section if the target population. The coupes can avail various priced motel room according to their budget with modern facilities attached to each of the rooms. A quality time with comfortable cosy experience is offered by the customers to their selected population. The rating reviewed from different third-party booking agencies reflects that the company is experiencing a high demand in the market and have su ccessfully positioned themselves in the given market. They are successful in meeting the target populations requirements. Marketing Promotion Plan Promotion mix is one of the elements of the marketing mix, where other elements are product, price, place, people, process and physical environment. Study of all the elements of marketing mix helps the company to position their products and services to the identified target market. The purpose of using promotional mix by an organisation is to communicate their products and services to customer segment of a particular society they want to attract (Hollensen, 2015). There are four primary elements that falls under the promotional mix. They are: Advertising Sales Promotion Personal Selling Public Relation Every company uses one or the other or all the four elements in the process of attracting the customers. There are certain objectives a company holds for their promotions. It in turn helps the company to focus on the message they need to convey. Objective of Advertising This mode of promotion includes a number of promotional activities that helps the company to reach out their target customers. The hotels are extensively using third-party booking agencies through which a company can promote their products to the customers and also sell their products and services (Sagala et al, 2014). The booking agency in turn charges a portion of the amount charged from the customers as commission. In modern times, the advertising primarily includes digital media promotion such as, television ads, audio advertising using radio, or even the social network advertisement. The companies using this method can best reach its target customers and better influence them for creating the need of using the products the company is offering. Beachfront motel can promote their products and services through television and radio within the country. Moreover, they can use the social networking platforms such as twitter, facebook, linked.in, instagram, pinterest and many more for r eaching out the target customers. Objective of Sales Promotion Beachfront Motel can also utilise the sales promotion for attracting the customers by offering them a significant amount of discount from their actual booking price. The objective of this promotion to significantly increase the demand of the products and services provided (Sedaghat, Sedaghat Moakher, 2012). Apollo Beachfront motel can utilise this promotion in attracting their customers in the lean season when the flow of customer is considerably low. It will be better for them to sell their products in low price than completely stopping it. For example, weak days are likely to attract a limited number of customers for Beachfront motel. They can increase the number of visitors using sales promotion method giving away the services in a price lesser than the actual one. Another purpose of sales promotion is to offer the potential customers a cheaper rate than the competitors in the particular market. It can provide the organisation competitive advantage. Personal Selling Opportunity for the personal selling is limited in case of tourism industry as the maximum number of customers tends to arrange their booking well in advance from the date of visiting the place. Advanced booking is the primary source for the industry, which makes it unnecessary for Beachfront motel to continue the personal selling (Matei, 2014). However, the motel also offers adventure packages unlike their competitors that make it necessary for utilising personal selling. However, the focus on this particular type can be minimised and can be limited to particular segment of promotion as mentioned above. Beachfront motel can also use their personal selling in case of services the customers may need during their stay in the motel. It will be useful as it has the potential to offer the customers an in depth knowledge about the range of services Beachfront motel offers. Moreover, the sales person can also promote their products and services through social network using it as communicati on platform. Public relation It helps in creating an image in the customers mind though organising events. This will make the customers try out the product for once, which in turn offers the opportunity for the company to increase brand loyalty (Al-Abdallah Abou-Moghli, 2012). Beachfront motel organises a number of events to make their trip memorable that will help building customer loyalty. Allocated Budget Promotion Type Quantity Cost per Unit Subtotal Advertisement $ 14,750 Social Media 60 $ 100.00 $ 6,000.00 Online Content 5 $ 750.00 $ 3,750.00 Third-Party Booking 10 $ 500.00 $ 5,000.00 Sales Promotion $ 4,500.00 Campaign A 1 $ 4,500.00 $ 4,500.00 Personal Selling $ 2,100.00 Event Package 6 $ 350.00 $ 2,100.00 Public Relation $4,500.00 Beach Party 3 $ 1,500.00 $ 4,500.00 $ 25,850.00 Table 1: Promotional Budget Source: Authors Creation Conclusion Conclusion can be drawn basing on the above discussion that Apollo Beachfront motel is one of the popular motels in the Apollo Bay. Their promotional strategy has served them well in attaining success. However, there is always scope for modification. The company needs to modify their promotional activities accordingly to increase the number of customers purchasing their products. Moreover, the customer value proposition and competitor value proposition in the given market reflects tight competition, which needs to be addressed; despite of the current value position of held by Beachfront motel. The motel needs to increase and spread their advertising strategy to cover a larger section of the target population both in national and international level. The study reflects that the social media promotion through television and radio will be useful in promoting the products in the national market. However, social network promotion has greater efficiency in attracting the international cust omers. The other mode of promotions will also provide benefits to the company as discussed. It will put Beachfront motel in advantageous position in the market. References Ballantyne, D., Frow, P., Varey, R. J., Payne, A. (2011). Value propositions as communication practice: Taking a wider view.Industrial Marketing Management,40(2), 202-210. Boksberger, P. E., Melsen, L. (2011). Perceived value: a critical examination of definitions, concepts and measures for the service industry.Journal of services marketing,25(3), 229-240. Cumberland.com.au. (2017).Cumberland Lorne Accommodation | Cumberland. [online] Available at: https://www.cumberland.com.au/ [Accessed 10 Dec. 2017] Dobbs, M. (2014). Guidelines for applying Porter's five forces framework: a set of industry analysis templates.Competitiveness Review,24(1), 32-45. Hassan, S. S., Craft, S. (2012). Examining world market segmentation and brand positioning strategies.Journal of Consumer marketing,29(5), 344-356. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. industry.gov.au. (2017).Economic conditions. [online] Available at: https://www.industry.gov.au/Office-of-the-Chief-Economist/Publications/AustralianIndustryReport/assets/Australian-Industry-Report-2016-Chapter-2.pdf [Accessed 10 Dec. 2017]. Killen, C. P., Jugdev, K., Drouin, N., Petit, Y. (2012). Advancing project and portfolio management research: Applying strategic management theories.International Journal of Project Management,30(5), 525-538. Li, M. L., Green, R. D. (2011). A mediating influence on customer loyalty: The role of perceived value.Journal of Management and Marketing Research,7, 1. Lin, C., Tsai, H. L., Wu, Y. J., Kiang, M. (2012). A fuzzy quantitative VRIO-based framework for evaluating organizational activities.Management Decision,50(8), 1396-1411. Sagala, C., Destriani, M., Putri, U. K., Kumar, S. (2014). Influence of promotional mix and price on customer buying decision toward fast food sector: a survey on university students in jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi) Indonesia.International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications,4(1), 1-7. Sedaghat, N., Sedaghat, M., Moakher, A. K. (2012). The impact of promotional mix elements on brand equity.American Journal of Scientific Research,43(1). Yunna, W., Yisheng, Y. (2014). The competition situation analysis of shale gas industry in China: Applying Porters five forces and scenario model.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,40, 798-805. Pyo, S. (2015). Integrating tourist market segmentation, targeting, and positioning using association rules.Information Technology Tourism,15(3), 253-281. Chatzoglou, Prodromos D., Chatzoudes, Dimitrios, Sarigiannidis, Lazaros, Theriou, Georgios, He, Lerong, Janney, Jayj. (2017). The role of firm-specific factors in the strategy-performance relationship: Revisiting the resource-based view of the firm and the VRIO framework.Management Research Review,00. Matei, ?., (2014). THE PROMOTIONAL MIX IN A MARKETING-ORIENTED WINY COMPANY.SEA: Practical Application of Science,(5), 449-454. Al-Abdallah, G., Abou-Moghli, A. (2012). THE EFFECT OF PROMOTIONAL MIX ON INTERNET ADOPTION IN JORDANIAN SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES.European Scientific Journal,8(12), European Scientific Journal, Jun 2012, Vol.8(12). Tripadvisor.com.au. (2017). TripAdvisor. Retrieved 8 December 2017, from https://www.tripadvisor.com.au/Search?geo=2269364redirectq=163+motelsuiOrigin=MASTHEADlatitudereturnTo=http%3A__2F____2F__www__2E__tripadvisor__2E__in__2F__Tourism__2D__g255055__2D__Australia__2D__Vacations__2E__htmlpid=3825startTime=1512755899416searchSessionId=7C7942429A2BA68F33E0BA0BA1136B6D1512755898149ssidlongitudesearchNearby#ssrc=ao=0 beachfrontmotel.com.au. (2017).Beachfront Motel. Retrieved 8 December 2017, from https://www.beachfrontmotel.com.au/accommodation/

Ojt Practicum free essay sample

On the job training (OJT) is one of the methods by which students are givenchances to apply the theories and computations that they have learned from theschool. It also helps the students to acquire relevant knowledge and skills byperforming in actual work setting. Colleges and Universities require their studentsto undergo such training within a specific number of hours as part of thecurriculum. For the students, an OJT or internship program provides opportunities togo through the actual methodologies of a specific job using the real tools, equipment and documents. In effect, the workplace become a developmentvenue for a student trainee to learn more about his chosen field and practicewhat he has learn from academy. On the other hand, an effective OJT program also benefits the companieswho accept trainees. First, OJT or intern provides additional manpower for alesser labor cost than a regular employee. Most of them are all eager to learn theropes, so chances are high that they will cooperate. We will write a custom essay sample on Ojt Practicum or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Employers can use this internship strategy as a method in recruiting newemployees. Since, the trainer or the supervisor can follow the trainees’ progress,he can gauge based on performance, behaviour and attitude if the trainee willmake a good recruit after the completion of his internship. OJT’s can bring fresh ideas into the organization. Given the opportunity to speak their minds freely and without fear, they may be able to contribute significantly in brainstorming sessions or research and eventually help improve the organizations productivity. While training the interns, employers are in factal so teaching their employees to process of guiding the trainees stretches their patience, develops teaching skills and makes them more sensitive to the mind-set of the younger generation. The course of supervision also teaches them how to share what they know and be receptive to questions. Hence, the internship also becomes an avenue in training for future managers of the company. Accommodating on-the-job trainees can truly be beneficial not only to the trainees but also to the companies that provide opportunities for this type of learning. There is wisdom in the front lines. Such training can be an investment that will be valuable to the company later on. This is also why trainees should take their internship seriously as it can become a powerful tool and possibly even a source of recommendation when they take that big lift from being students to career professional. Objectives: Acquire new knowledge and skills required in the practice of their profession. Discover God-given potentials, physically, mentally, morally and emotionally through familiarization of actual office practices and protocols. Experience and understand the operation of their field of specialization in preparation for them to face the world. Know the importance and advantages of working effectively and efficiently. Chapter II PROFILE OF SUBIC BAY METROPOLITAN AUTHORITY BRIEF HISTORY OF SBMA It was during the Spanish-American War in 1898 when the Americans took over Subic Bay. In 1942, the Japanese took over Subic Bay; and then the Americans retook it back 1945. When the Philippines which had been an American colony since 1898-become independent in 1947, the American retained the use of the facilities under the 1947 military based agreement. Between 1947 and 1992, the U. S navy operated Subic Naval Base, which become the business port in the pacific and was America’s largest naval installation outside the United State. Aside from naval Operation, the base was for the jungle and maritime operational training and when the recreational facilities were develop and enhanced. Subic became the premier Rest and Recreation destination in the Far East. In 1992 the base reverted to the Philippine government and conversion of the base into a free-port became a national priority program of the Philippine government. Under the Republic Act (RA) No. 722, otherwise known as the Bases Conversation and Development Act of 1992, two corporate bodies were created Bases Conversation Development Authority (BCDA) is the Government agency tasked to oversee the transformation of military bases. The Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA) is the operating and implementing arm of the BCDA a developing the Subic Bay Freeport (SBF) into a self-sustaining industrial, commercial, and financial and investment centre for generating employment opportunities in and around the SBF. SUBIC INTERNATIONAL HOTEL Subic International Hotel Corporation is one of the largest hotel ideally located at the heart of the Subic Freeport Zone -the Philippines most promising investment area. For the well-travelled business executive, one can experience world-class amenities with the comfort of luxurious living as provided for by the hotels efficient and dedicated staff. For those who just wanted a home away from home, Subic International Hotel Corporation is the next best place one can ever be. In Asia’s newest leisure and investment zone, and be bewitching magic of Subic now begins at Subic International Hotel Corporation where people who believe that time money prefer to stay. The Subic International Hotel in Olongapo offers everything one would expect from this distinct brand of hotel and provides guests with an excellent feeling of comfort. A. CHECK IN Check in time is 2 o’clock pm and booking time is to the date specified, not through the next day. After the specified date of check out, please note that there is no concierge on the reception or check in the desk at the hotel. Each day based on the arrivals report that is generating, the front desk knows how many guests are due to check in. Each individual reservation is known in advance so the front desk should be able to manage what room are available. Coordinating the available rooms with each guest’s room preference is an important task. Room preference earlier are defined as the individual guests’ choice in room type configuration and designation. The process of matching room preferences to avail is called BLOCKING. The blocking is the process where a specific room is reserved for specific guests. The process of blocking these rooms each day may fall to a front office employee called room controller. The room’s controller uses the arrivals report and compares it to the hotels room inventory. The room’s controller must factor in room preferences as well as projected arrival times. Special requests such as cribs, roll away bed are also blocked in advanced as needed. The blocking of rooms applies to transient and group guests. VIP’s are designated by management, are those who are paying premium rates are usually given top priority. The room’s controllers must watch any rooms blocked that are in V/R status very carefully. Communication with the housekeeping department ensures the arriving guests are blocked into rooms that achieved V/R status prior to their arrival. B. CHECK OUT Before the guests leaves the room, a room attendant will check the amenities if there are losses and breakages inside the rooms and the keys must be surrendered to thefront office and the check-out time for this establishment was twelve noon. If there’s an extension happened for the check-out time, guests must have an additional payment and they wish to extend, they must inform the front office. For reporting a room status handled on a face to face basis in a hotel that does not use a property management system. The room attendant gave his/her individual report about the standing of rooms to the Front Office Staff. C. NIGHT AUDIT The night audit team’s primary responsibility is to verify the posting charges within the ledger. All transaction, including room rate, outlet or posting, banquet charges and other miscellaneous charges, must be posted correct order for the hotel to accurately report financial data. These verification processes vary primarily between manual and automatic posting environment. As had been reviewed, the night audit team cannot know the reservation on sales history involve in the creation or quotation of every room rate. The markets is assigned to each reservation as it made so that it can be properly verified to the market code is assigned within the PMS computer system, each of the standard will have a pre-arranged market code. Weekday / weekend rates Rack rates Corporate rates Volume account rates Government rates Seasonal rates AAA / AArp Industry rates Walk in rates Premium rates Advance purchase rates Package rates SUBIC INTERNATIONAL HOTEL VISION To be the premiere hotel along the Subic Bay Freeport Zone, where in unique Asian hospitality can be experienced by the guest. SUBIC INTERNATIONAL HOTEL MISSION STATEMENT Delighting guest by providing excellent quality customer service. OUR CORPORATE MISSION 1. To produce and sell room accommodations, food and beverages, entertainment, and other related services at a quality and price level appropriate to a five-star world class hotel serving up scale markets. 2. To establish a reputation and standing in the domestic and international travel and tourism market as a fine, high class, and high quality establishment. 3. To provide satisfying jobs and careers to its personnel, and†¦ 4. To earn a satisfactory rate of return to its stock-holders. HOUSE RULES In case of fire or medical emergency, dial â€Å"0† (zero) and inform the operator in the nature of emergency. In case of earthquake or fore situation, do not use the elevator. Each room has a detailed evacuation and floor plan posted behind the room door. Please be familiar yourself in evacuation procedures. Each room has provided with an individual sale. For safety purposes, please do not leave cash and valuable unattended. The hotel will not liable for any loses inside guest room. When leaving your room, please be ensure that your door has properly close. For security purposes and foe identification, please keep your key card in your possession at all times. The use of flat irons, burners and other cooking apparatus in the hotel guestroom is strictly prohibited. Smoking in bed is not allowed. Pets are not allowed in the hotel. In consideration to others, please refrain from making loud noise while inside your room and along the corridors. Check out time is 12:00 noon. In case of this time is inconvenient for you, kindly contact your front desk and every effort will be made to accommodate your request. Gambling within the hotel is strictly prohibited. DEPARTMENTS OF THE HOTEL HOUSEKEEPING Housekeeping is the department that deals essentially with cleanliness and all ancillary service attached to that. The standard plays an important role in the reputation of the hotels. One feels comfortable only in the environment which is clean and well ordered, so cleanliness is important for health foremost also for well-being. Accommodation in hotels tends to be the largest part of the hotel, it is the most revenue generating department, and the housekeeping department takes care of all rooms and the largest department in hotels. Housekeeping is the department determine to a large extent whether guests are happy during stay and in turn mankind they return to the hotel. The fine accommodation and service are provided to the guest so they are pleased with the hotel. The guest satisfaction is its primary object and the hygiene factor must always be present in the hotel. Housekeeping is said to turn a room when it go through the out of cleaning and preparing it for resale. Once a housekeeper is assigned to a section, he/she prepares the equipment needed to clean those rooms. Each housekeeper is assigned with a housekeeper caddie; a handheld carrying case that can be easily brought to guests’ room. It consists a glass cleaner, bathroom cleaner, multipurpose cleaner, bathroom amenities (shampoo, conditioner, soap, shower cup, etc. ) Housekeeping is responsible for restocking each caddie as needed; the housekeeper will place this caddie on a housekeeping cart. This cart is what will hold the towel, linens, glasses, vacuum, and miscellaneous items need to clean a guest’s room. The house person’s role is to support the housekeeper maintain the cleanliness of the guest hallway, vacuum the halls twice a day, empty ash urns as needed, ensure the room service trays are removed, light fixtures are dusted, elevators, entrances, and areas are clean. The lobby house person is the one who maintains the cleanliness of the hotel’s common areas; thus, vacuuming the carpets, polishing brasses, and buffing marbles are among his main tasks. Housekeeping Department and Front Office Department usually communicate about Room Status, the report on the availability of the rooms for immediate guests’ occupancy. Housekeeping room status can be described in the following communication terms: Vacant/Ready (VR): Available for sale. This is the only status that a room can be sold in Vacant/Clean (VC): The room has been cleaned by a housekeeper, but it has not been inspected yet by a supervisor or manager to ensure that it is V/R. Vacant/Maintenance (VM): A room has been taken out of inventory for a specified reason, normally to allow repairs to take place. Occupied/Dirty (OD): A guest is occupying the room, but it has not yet been serviced by housekeeping since the previous night. Occupied/Clean (OC): Room is occupied and has been serviced by housekeeping. Out of Order (OOO): Room is not available for occupancy because of mechanical malfunction. SALES AND MARKETING The Sales and Marketing department is supervised by the corporate Director of Sales Marketing. It guides the development and implementation of Marketing Plan. The department that coordinates advertising and marketing coordinates attendance at appropriate trade shows and share costs with participating hotels. It provides sales and marketing training at regular sales meetings and Annual Hospitality Conference, provide tools and systems for effective tracking and implementation of programs, review and approve specific marketing strategies, programs, and print materials (brochures, ads, flyers, etc. ) Sales and Marketingcorporate review of monthly sales reports. Provide sales leads to the hotels through programs; assist in recruiting, interviewing, developing, and hiring of sales staff. The sales and marketing department relies on the front office to provide data on guests’ histories details concerning each guest’s visit. Some of the information gathered is based on zip code, frequency of visits, corporate affiliation, special needs, and reservation for sleeping rooms. It is the front office’ job to make a good first impression on the public to relay messages and to meet the requests of the guest who are using the hotel for meetings, seminars, and banquets. The guest’s history is a valuable response for marketing and sales, which use as the guest registration information to target marketing campaign, develop promotions, prepare mailing labels, and select appropriate advertising media. The front office staff must make every effort to keep this database current and accurate. The process of completing the special function (such a wedding reception, convention, and seminar) depends on the availability of sleeping room for guest. The marketing and sales executives may have to check the lists of available rooms three to six months in the future to be sure the hotel can accommodate the expected number of guests. A database of available room is maintained in the property management system by the front office. The first guest contact with the marketing and sales department is usually through the hotel’s switchboard. A competent switchboard operator who is friendly and knowledgeable about hotel operations and personnel will make a good first impression, conveying to the perspective client that this hotel is competent. When the guest finally arrives for the function, the first contact with the hotel is usually through the office staff. The front office manager determines which banquet supervisor is in charge and communicates that information to the desk clerk on duty to demonstrate to the public that this hotel is dedicated to provide hospitality. ACCOUNTING Front Office is the heart of the hotel wherein they are also responsible on account receivable during the business of the hotel which this account are being audited from the auditor. Cashier manages conversation with confidentiality of information acquired during the course of performing professional services and should not use nor disclose any information without proper and specific authority or unless there is a legal or professional right or duties to be disclosed. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT OFFICE Human Resource Department is responsible for hiring applicant and responsible for the rules and regulations of the hotel. The policies are made by the Human Resource or the company itself. Suspension without pay depends on the policies given. The Training Policies are pre-payment, payment and cancellation policies. ENGINEERING Engineering is responsible for all equipment efficiency, routine checks and repairs and also generates useful waste such as eliminated equipment. Engineering is the application of scientific, economic, social, and practical knowledge in order to design, build, maintain, and improve structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes. It may encompass using insights to conceive, model and scale an appropriate solution to a problem or objective. The discipline of engineering is extremely broad, and encompasses a range of more specialized fields of engineering, each with a more specific emphasis on particular areas of technology and types of application. Engineering Department handles the guest complaints and defective equipment in the hotel immediately as soon as they get a call from a guest. SECURITY The hotel employed numbers of security guards and assigned their respective areas and two shift schedules twenty four hours a day prior to the monitoring of the security officer in charge and the duty manager to maintain the safety of the areas, property and specially the guests. They also have CCTV cameras installed in the different public areas for monitoring. RESTAURANT PHASE All menus communicated to kitchen personnel must undergo to the Chief Chef through the kitchen personnel so that they can easily prepare the needed ingredient and are how the preparation was made. They determine prices to the cashier or the cost control personnel through costing and they have standardized recipe for the guests. They do planning through cycle. 1. FOOD AND BEVERAGE CONTROL Food and Beverage control gives the manager a better idea of the flow of the restaurant and enables to plan cash flow and stock control effectively. It provides the chef a more structured way of planning menus, taking into account nutritional and financial consideration. This helps the manager understand which the most profitable items are. Proper Food and Beverage control system helps the manager have intelligent decisions and it helps cut the overall cost of sale for an establishment to maintain profit. 2. PREPARATION OF FOOD Employers have the primary responsibility for protecting the safety and health of their workers. Employees are responsible for following the safe work practices of their employers. Customers now expect and demand consistent, quality products. Ripe ideas are dedicated to developing new products for you while developing the best food preparation procedures that meet your standards and the expectations of your customer. 3. BREAD AND DESSERTS All Bread and Desserts offered by the hotel were being ordered from the bakeshop owned by the company and were being prepared the day before the service. They utilized left over storing properly and used it for the day operation. 4. BEVERAGE Coffee and Tea are made every morning and prepared before the guest. It is being prepared through the use of coffee maker and a tea pot to conserve the hotness of the coffee tea. 5. BAR AIDS Foods are arranged on the plate with appropriate dish used and depending on the recipe or food ingredients used. FOOD DISTRIBUTION 1. Buffet Service is a style of serving where food or beverages or both are placed on a table and the customers serve themselves. The essential feature of the various buffet formats is that the diners can directly view the food and immediately select which dishes they wish to consume, and usually also can decide how much food they take. Buffets are effective for serving large numbers of people at once, and are often seen in institutional settings, such as business conventions or large parties. 2. Table Service -the presentation of food to patrons by waiters, or the place settings present on each table. Restaurants without either are usually referred to as â€Å"counter service† establishments. With table service, the customer generally pays at the end of meal. Various methods of table service can be provided. HOTEL ACCOMMODATION IN SUBIC INTERNATIONAL HOTEL The hotel had a wide range of guest rooms to suit the requirements of any weary traveller world class buildings namely ALPHA, BRAVO, and DELTA. All deluxe air conditioned rooms with guest settles back at the end of the day in style. ALPHA This is the first building of Subic International Hotel Corporation. It gives you a panoramic view of Olongapo City’s rolling terrain. BRAVO This is the main building of Subic International Hotel Corporation. It allows its valued guests to wallow in the luxurious comforts of its 132 first class rooms and suites. All in all a 287 Guest Rooms exuding the same warm hospitality one expects from a World class Hotel. DELTA A pleasant hotel with 67 superior rooms and all bedrooms of DELTA are ensured with modern safety devices automatic door locks and smoke detectors. Corporate of GIT Room Rate min. of 10-20 rooms BRAVODELTA Single Occupancy P1,600 net/personP2,800 net/person Twin OccupancyP800 net/personP1,400 net/person Triple OccupancyP650 net/personP1,200 net/person Quadruple OccupancyP500 net/personP1,100 net/person GOVERNMENT OF GIT 2 ROOM RATE (MIN. OF 21 ROOMS OR MORE NIGHTS) BRAVODELTA Single Occupancy P 1,400 net/personP 2,600 net/person Twin OccupancyP 700 net/personP 1,300 net/person Triple OccupancyP 600 net/personP 1,100 net/person Quadruple OccupancyP 500 net/personP 1,000 net/person ROOM COST Bravo Building Room Category Single Twin Triple Quadruple Suite Room P 601. 97 P 616. 71 P 716. 36 P 816. 11 Delta Building Room Category Single Twin Triple Quadruple Superior Room P 835. 77 P 851. 77 P 935. 92 P 1,021. 76 Suite Room P 898. 41 P 912. 72 P 991. 53 P 1,070. 34 ROOM CONFIGURATION ALPHA BUILDING 1ST floor-22 offices 2nd floor-19 rooms 3rd floor-12 rooms 4th floor-21 rooms BRAVO BUILDING 130 deluxe rooms 6 suite rooms 1st floor-9 rooms 2nd floor-31 rooms 3rd floor-34 rooms 4th floor-34 rooms 5th floor-34 rooms DELTA BUILDING 4 suite rooms 10 king size 52 superior rooms 1st floor-20 rooms 2nd floor-22 rooms 3rd floor-24 rooms RESTAURANT ACCOMMODATION AT SUBIC INTERNATIONAL HOTEL CORPORATION Golden Dragon Restaurant The oriental setting sets the mood for array of exotic dishes to satisfy the gustatory cravings for authentic Chinese dishes at the Golden Dragon Restaurant. The spacious dining rooms make way for large banquets and business gatherings. Small groups may also avail of private dining in style. Cafe Subic Cafe Subic opens 24 hours a day. A perfect venue for meals and it is conveniently situated at the lobby of the building where guests are served with superb breakfast amidst casual elegance. Terrace Cafe It serves light meals and international dishes. It is located at the lobby level of Delta Building. Golden Tea House It serves different kind of Chinese Cuisine dishes. All for affordable prices and it is located beside the Golden Dragon Restaurant. ONLINE RESERVATION OF SUBIC INTERNATIONAL HOTEL CORPORATION ONLINE RESERVATION NAME E-MAIL TELEPHONE ARRIVAL DATE DEPARTURE ACCOMMODATION NUMBER OF ROOM MODE OF PAYMENT FACILITIES BUSINESS CENTERS The presence of e-mail, internet, machines, computers, photocopy machine at the Business Center and to the efficiency personal secretary to provide fast and accurate secretary services for the business executive whose business transact needs to be fast, responsive and agile at the Zone. HEALTH CLUB Building CHARLIE houses the Health Club, a fully-equipped modern health sanctuary where indoor inclined health buffs face a challenging performance at the mini gym. The massage cum-beauty parlours complete the brief sojourn of every guest after a therapeutic massage. After a busy day, relax and let our professionally trained masseuse take care of those muscles at the Hotel Health Club. Avail of the Hi-Tech exercise machines. VIDEOKE Right beside the Health Club is the Videoke Club. For more fun to cap the day’s excitement is the Videoke Club, designed exclusively to accommodate a gathering of at least 30 persons in any of its 12 soundproof private rooms. Sing your heart away with its wide selection of your favourite English, Filipino, Japanese and Korean songs. SWIMMING POOL Enjoy and Relax in our Olympic size swimming pool located outside the Delta Function Hall. Chapter III NARRATION OF EXPERIENCE November 24-30 After a long trip, the trainees arrived at Subic International Hotel at 10:00 in the morning, they just rest that day. November 25  ­Ã¢â‚¬â€œ The traineeswent to DOLE (Department of Labor and Employment) for their orientation with them, and also they submitted their resumes and waivers. After that they held back to the hotel. The next day, they reported at the hotel for their orientation. On that day also, they told them if where is their assigned area. They orient them about the Do’s and the Don’ts of the Hotel. November 27 – Finally, the trainee started her duty. She was assigned at the kitchen, Cafe Subic Kitchen specifically. Chef Irene oriented her about Cafe Subic Kitchen. She passed her Daily Time Record. And after that, they immediately assigned her to their areas. The trainee chopped vegetables for the Function that day. Chef Ed taught her on what is the proper way of chopping. This week had been very exhausting yet enjoy week for her. December 1 – 4 There’s no function in this days. The trainee together with her co-trainees just helped Chef Mark, the Cook of the Hotel and Sir Chito, the Butcher of the Hotel prepare the orders for the guest’s breakfast and also lunch. The trainees also washed some dishes. And when they have nothing to do, they are familiarizing the equipment and utensils in the kitchen according to their use. December 5–10 In this week, the trainees and all the staff of the Bravo Building transferred at the Terrace Cafe Kitchen for the reason that that there was no guest at the Bravo Building. The trainee and her co-trainees dressed the shrimp for tempura. The trainee is the one who cooked the tempura for the function in that day. (DENR Group) The next days was just an ordinary day for the trainees. They just helped the Cook’s in preparing the orders of the guest’s, and sometimes they clean the kitchen. Their 5 days stay at the Terrace Cafe Kitchen, the trainee must say that they all enjoyed their stay there even if it’s a little bit boring and also tiring. The people in the Terrace Cafe Kitchen was nice. December 11 15 And the staff of the kitchen and the trainees are back to the Cafe Subic Kitchen. Everyone’s saying, â€Å"It’s really good to be back! † Same routine, the trainees helped Chef Mark and Sir Chito together with Chef Irene to prepare for the orders of the guest’s. Chopped vegetables and ingredients for the Function and after preparing, the trainees we’re assigned to the Golden Dragon Restaurant where in there is the venue of the Function. They served food. It was a Managed Buffet. December 16 – 22 Common routine, prepare breakfast for the guest’s, helped Sir Allan, the steward to washed dishes. December 22 – The Juken Christmas Party Everybody is so busy this day because of the Juken Christmas Party. 500 expected guests, and the trainee was assigned to sliced tomato and cucumber. The trainees must make 1,500 pieces of it. They count up to 1,500 pieces chopped tomato and cucumber! 😀 However, they enjoyed doing it. At night, they go to the Golden Dragon Restaurant for plating. Pressure is in the air! 😀 They need to finish plating as soon as possible. Haggard, so tiring but definitely so enjoyable. ? January 2 – 8 The trainee’s assignment area was not in the kitchen anymore. She was assigned at the Housekeeping Department. Everybody says that in this Department, the worked there is hard and very tiring. Ma’am Danila, the supervisor and Ma’am Myrna, the assistant supervisor oriented the trainees about Housekeeping Department. First day in Housekeeping, the trainees are assigned to sweep the front of the Bravo Building. After sweeping, they proceed to the Hotel. Ma’am Melody is their Room Attendant that day. They cleaned rooms, they have also Make-Up Room that day. Same routine has done in the remaining days. Sweep at the Front of Bravo Building then proceed to Housekeeping Office and report to the assigned Room Attendant. They are also assigned at the Charlie Building to clean. Cleaned the walls, while cleaning, the trainees are singing so that they will not be able feel the stressed. ? January 9 – 11 As Chef Irene requested, the trainees was assigned to the kitchen to help them clean because in this week, there was an inspection conducted by Ecology. They scrub the floor, dust all the equipment’s, utensils and washed dishes. Same routine was done during the next days. January 12 – 14 Back to Housekeeping Department. The trainee’s last 3 days of duty. Supposedly, her last day of duty is January 19 but unfortunately the trainee got sick so she’s not able to finish her duty. Still, thank you for Ma’am Danila for her consideration. Anyway, the last 3 days of the trainee in Housekeeping, they cleaned rooms, vacuumed the carpet, cleaned the CR and also did dusting. It’s so sad to leave Subic International Hotel Corporation. The two months staying of the trainees was a one of a kind experience. It’s time to face the new chapter of their life. Thank you to Subic International Hotel Corporation Staff for the teachings. _END OF DUTY_ Chapter IV SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECCOMMENDATIONS SUMMARY The trainee conducted her On-the-Job training at Subic International Hotel Corporation wherein all the skills and techniques she learned in the Hospitality Industry Management course was applied here. This narrative report is a summary of all the experiences and undertakings during the six hundred hours (600) the trainee spent at the different departments of the hotel where she was assigned. The trainee learned different techniques and new trends about Hospitality Industry Management. During her training, the trainee became more independent in many ways. After a period of two months of activities full of sacrifices and challenges in her OJT. The trainee completed her training which will be forever part of her life. CONCLUSIONS The student trainee therefore concludes that courtesy is necessary to communicate with various people. She learned about the different tasks and responsibilities to be undertaken on her chosen career. The trainee must stretch her abilities and her positive personality to deal with the people in the Hospitality Industry. She realized her essence as a person who works in the world of Hospitality Industry, which the work of Hospitality Industry is to give service to people with enthusiasm and positive vibes not only for the guests’ satisfaction but for your satisfaction as the one who gives the service. The author is now ready for employment and also to enter into business world someday to apply what she learned in school and during her On-the-Job Training. RECOMMENDATIONS After two-month of undergoing training, hereunder are the following recommendations: 1. The trainees should have the patience, independence and courage to face life alone being away from home. 2. The trainees should have enough money to spend during the training. 3. The trainees should be knowledgeable in the works offered in the Industry and should have the patience in everything they do. 4. The Administration should have a report about the training place to check and see to it that the place where a st

The constructability of this building will be done, which includes the sitework The WritePass Journal

The constructability of this building will be done, which includes the sitework Introduction The constructability of this building will be done, which includes the sitework Introduction In this section, a complete review of the constructability of this building will be done, which includes the sitework, site utilities, building foundations, connections, structural frame, precast units and so on. 1. Sitework In this case, the site logistics have been allocated and defined by different colours, also there is a sufficient area for their use (Fig.1). In addition, there are underground utilities such as cable, pipes, or for drainage water, which usually put in the trench. The drainage system has to be install early to support collect the rainfall. Shoring is used for the structure of building and trench to avoid the collapse or falling during the construction process. In the early phase, Backhoes are suitably used for excavating trenches and basement, which own a shorter arm rather than Backacter.  Ã‚  In this period, the side slopes of the excavation should be taken into account. In this case, the building has shallow foundations which typically less than 2m deep. Therefore, shallow and sloping excavations are worked out, and the backhoes are accepted. By considering the site balance, there are two areas of the stockpile to ensure the enough space for stuff even the excess. Furthermore, the landscape soil should be compacted sufficiently. Recompaction would be needed if the soil was loose or bad weather had caused it to loosen. And the retaining walls would be needed before the foundation constructed. 2. Building foundations The conflicts between foundations and underground work should be avoided.  Ã‚  In terms of this building where located in an exposed coastal place, which means every five-year period the chloride content would increase 0.5% on the outer 50mm of concrete. Thus, the foundation should be able to prevent the water and chloride corrosion. In addition, there should be some barriers and warning board to avoid people close to the large vaults, or fall into the pits and holes and so on. 3. Structural steelwork During construction, if the structural steelwork is not related to other construction elements, a temporary bracing system would be necessary to supply more stability for the structure. Actually, there are rarely failures in structural element, the majority of failures occur in the poorly restrained connections. The two ways of connecting construction elements are bolting and welding respectively. Through comparing both types of connections, welded connections would be installed rapidly and much easier than bolted connections. By welding, the construction elements often have a few holes. It makes the program is processing quickly as well. On the other hand, bolted connections also have several advantages. Bolted connections are safer and more flexible than welded connections. Take account of the building, I prefer to use both of them. A beam to column connection is such an example. The plate that is connected to beams by bolted connections could become simple when the plate welded onto the column beforehand. Precast concrete units The shoring formwork that located around the edge concrete is used for preventing any falls. The topping that is on the precast concrete units can not only provide a level surface of the floor, but also increase the strength slightly. It also supplies a protection of precast concrete floor and the steel bar inside.

Butternut

How to Collect Seeds and Plant Walnut / Butternut Now is the time to collect walnut and butternut seeds for planting this fall if you know how to identify them. Remember, after harvesting seeds, keep them moist for the entire time you store them - never let them dry out! They can also be planted the following spring. Husk or No Husk In theory, you can plant the seed with the husk. That is what nature does and seems to work okay. Still, you would be better served if you prepare the seed and husk or completely remove the hull. You can pour boiling water over the husks and let them soak overnight. Plant the soaked hull and seed the next day. Hulling Removing the husk increases the germination rate of walnut and butternut seeds but can become a big job if you have a large volume. There are mechanical hullers you can rent or purchase. The best way to de-hull small seed batches is to refrigerate in plastic bags for two or three weeks and until the husk turns black. The hull will wash off with a water hose under high pressure. Extended storage can drop the germination percentage if not done correctly so try to plant the seeds this fall (preferably the day after hulling). Preparing Seeds Most experts agree that the seeds will do just fine without scarification. Some say that the natural temperature cycle through the winter gives the seed the cold it needs but others recommend refrigeration for 3 months and planting in the spring (stratification). Planting Plant the nuts in an open area at a depth of one to two times their thickness. Mulching will help as you do not want the seed to freeze. Chicken wire over the planted seeds will deter digging rodents.

Peer Review of the Things they carried Assignment

Peer Review of the Things they carried - Assignment Example The writer presents the idea that soldiers cease the be just men of the war, but begin to be people that carry with them thoughts, memories, emotions, and little trinkets that remind them of something other than the war. The reader simply needs to be aware of some of the goings-on during the Vietnam War, such as all of the basic facts. The reader should also know a little about what else was taking place throughout the world during the time of the war, which can help to give them insight into what many of the soldiers were leaving behind. The examples that are used are clear and appropriate. The writer did an excellent job at combining the use of phrases throughout the novel with the points that they were trying to get through to the reader. The examples that the writer uses, such as those that were italicized excerpts from the novel, are followed by statements and points that deal with the excerpts that the writer pointed out. There is quite an array of evidence and support for the claims that are made. The writer used articles that dealt with the specific points that the writer makes throughout the course of their essay. Furthermore, the writer also backs up their claims by using examples that can be found in the book that the essay is based on. Together, all of the outside pieces of information form enough evidence and support for what the writer is trying to convey. The topic that the writer chose is appropriate to the writing assignment. While it does not need to be more general, the writer needs to look at the different claims that they make and order them so that they flow together accordingly. The writer often jumped back and forth between topics, first explaining the physical things the soldiers carried, then explaining the emotional and mental things -- and then they jumped back to the physical objects. The writer began and ended their essay in a very intelligent fashion, beginning with the physical materials and ending with a

Military Regimes in African Countries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Military Regimes in African Countries - Essay Example The discussions will entail logical arguments behind the various military regimes that have occurred in Africa. The paper will give an analysis of the various military regimes that have taken place in Africa since independence to modern days. Introduction The focus on military regimes can be traced to the period after 1950 when most African countries gained independence. There was a considerable increase in the number of military coups during the 1960s, 70s, and 80s. During this period, a large number of military regimes emerged all over the world. In 1979, fourteen military regimes rose to power in sub-Saharan Africa. Besides the military regimes in Sub-saharan Africa, other regimes held power in Latin America, North Africa, Arab states, South East Asia and East Asia (Falola 2002, p. 235) Because of the tremendous rise of African military regimes, political scientists, historians, sociologists, and economists had a keen interest in studying this form of government. Africa witnessed seventy-one military coups between 1950 and 1990. Since African nations gained independence, a number of military regimes have overthrown the ruling civilian regimes. The military coups replace the government and introduce military rule. In most instances, the military leaders, who take over governance, introduce dictatorial rules (Kieh & Agbese 2004, p. 20). Some of the famous military coups that have taken place in Africa include the Ghanaian coup in 1966, Libyan military coup in 1969 led by Muammar Gaddafi and the Ugandan coup in 1971 led by Idi Amin. Gaddafi led a group of young Libyan military officers in a bloodless coup that saw the overthrowing of King Idris I. In Uganda, Idi Amin succeeded in ending the rule of Milton Obote. Other military coups have happened in countries such as Nigeria, Congo, Togo, among others (Baynham 1986, p. 38). Rating performance of military regimes in Africa Military coups in Africa can be explained by general factors applicable to the entire cont inent. A keen look at the past military coups indicates a common trend in military coups. Almost all countries in Africa that have had military coups seem to have the same reasons for the eruption of the military coups. From 1960 to 1970, a number of African nations witnessed military coups. Historians have regarded this period as a decade of coups in Africa (Kieh & Agbese 2004, p. 22). Once a coup erupted in one country, it became a phenomenon in other nations. Coups swept across the entire African continent at an alarming rate. Based on this, the rise of military regimes in Africa emerges from general factors applicable to the entire continent. The paper will now focus on the factors that have led to the rise of military regimes in Africa. In an attempt to preserve authority, states have embraced the use of coercion. As a result, some government institutions play the role of enhancing coercion. This reality has significantly directed debates surrounding politics in postcolonial Af rica. The government needs coercive agencies, such as the police and military, which should be obedient to political leaders. However, this has not succeeded in Africa. In many instances, the military has used violent means to initiate coup d’etats. This is a contradiction since the military should manage violence on behalf of the state (Thomson 2010, p. 135). A notable factor responsible for military coups in A

Analyzing Brazilian Movie Essay Example for Free

Analyzing Brazilian Movie Essay The movie â€Å"Behind the Sun† is a Brazilian film, entitles â€Å"Abril Despedacado† in Portuguese, based to the novel â€Å"Shattered April† originally written by multi awarded Albanian writer â€Å"Ismail Kadare†. The film was released in the year 2001, directed by a multi-talented and reputable Brazilian movie director â€Å"Walter Salles†, and produced by an Academy film producer â€Å"Arthur Cohn†. Although, the movie was not able to garner major movie awards and recognition, director Walter Salless Behind the Sun, had received a bunch of positive feedbacks from different movie critics and fanatics from countries across the globe. (IGN Entertainment, Inc. ) Nevertheless, the Brazilian motion picture â€Å"Behind the Sun† is said to be one of the successful movie, produced and done in Brazil. Technically, the movie Behind the Sun is a thematic drama and thrilling film, which tells the story between the bloods battle of two Brazilian families, who are battling for land rights. Essentially, the storyline of the film is a depiction of the family struggles, which shows the extent of family desire to revenge for their aggravated member of the clan, a result of personal and objective desire to own a merely useless and forgotten land. The movie shows the true color of elderly Brazilian family members to chase their desire to own a land, specifically, the movie tells the bloody battle tale of two Brazilian family, the â€Å"Breeves Family† and the â€Å"Ferreiras Family†, as they struggle for long been quarrel on the unproductive land. Moreover, the story line runs through the bloody family conflict, as the scenes are depictions of offensive actions against the two different oppositions in the movie. Most of the scenes in the movie, are the bloody picture of killing between the two young Brazilian gentlemen (teenagers) from both side of the family, as they act their revenge for their murdered family member, cause by their long been family quarrel over a destitute land. Nonetheless, the story line of the movie Behind the Sun is a depiction of the long been bloody tale for land rights, between two Brazilian families, the â€Å"Breeves† and the â€Å"Ferreiras†, and a struggle for honor. Moreover, the story of the movie â€Å"Behind the Sun† had happened way back 1910, as the Breeves and the Ferreiras argued for a merely useless land. The movie takes place in the â€Å"Northeast part of Brazil†, which is also known as the†badland†. Technically, the Northeast of part Brazil is the settings of the movie, where the two families quarrel over a property right of a dying sugarcane land. Since, the movie happened in the year 1910 and in the northeast of Brazil, the primary characters or the two families finds their way of living through the blessings of their land. Meaning, the Breeves and the Ferreiras makes their living through agriculture. In addition to this, the movie tells a profound family relationship, on which the Breeves and Ferreiras show in-depth family relationship and closed family links. Nevertheless, the movie is depiction of the true color of Brazilian family, which is united, loving and brave, ready to fight for their family members and honor. Movie Production, on the other hand, is awesomely amazing, as the directors, actors and the rest of the people responsible for the movie do their job really well for this project. Starting from camera angles, the director and camera man had done a great job, as the shots in the movie are appropriately done to give superb detail in every scene or event. The camera angles are perfect, as far as I can say that it gives the right shot, which the specific scene and happenings requires. Technically, the Cinematography of the movie is equally great as the camera angles and shot. The films cinematography gives fine details for every scene, as the movie introduces a profound definition of cinematography for the movie Behind the Sun. Since, the movie is a tale of bloody family battle, happened in the early 19th century (1910), in the Northeast part of Brazil, the lights and colors of the movie, supports, enhances and provide the needed emotions in every scenes. Nevertheless, The cinematography or the lighting and the color of the movie, makes the story, every scene and the whole film realistic, as if it was shoot way back 1910. Costumes props and the settings of the movie, on the other hand, are all timely and appropriate with the portrayal of 1910 era. The props men and the creative director, have definitely done their job at the very best they can. The costumes and the cultural settings of the movie, like early Brazilian agricultural materials are reproduce appropriate and was used accordingly. Even the food, are all timely to the 1910 era and the way of living as well as the whole surroundings are likely the same in the year 1910. The House of Sand, on the other hand, is another Brazilian film, which was released four years after â€Å"Behind the Sun†, in 2005. (Netflix, Inc. ) Just like the movie â€Å"Behind the Sun† by â€Å"Walter Salles†, The House of Sand is a movie, which also tells a family Brazilian family story. Essentially, these two Brazilian movies are both produced in the early 20th century and for that fact these two films had been successful on their own ways. Apart from being the same as Brazilian movies,† Behind the Sun† and â€Å" The House of Sand† both happened in the northern part of Brazil. In addition, these two Brazilian movies share a likely family tale in their story. Although, the movies â€Å"Behind the Sun† and â€Å"The House of Sand† are the alike in different aspects, these two Brazilian movies still vary in some manner. First, in the movie Behind the Sun, the focal point of the story is through the connection or relationship between the father and son, while on the movie The House of Sand, the storyline evolves essentially between the mother and daughter relationship. Second, The House of Sand has lighter conflict or dilemma in its story, while the movie Behind the Sun has more serious and critical family conflict or dilemma in its tale. Nevertheless, these two movies are effectively positive, on which a depiction of social and moral lessons on certain issues in our community today. Works Cited IGN Entertainment, Inc. (2008), Behind the Sun (2001): Retrieved May 13, 2008 from http://www. rottentomatoes. com/m/behind_the_sun/#synopsis Netflix, Inc. (2008), The House of Sand (2005): Retrieved May 13, 2008 from http://www. netflix. com/Movie/The_House_of_Sand/70043822? mqso=80012394

The Purpose of Education Essay -- Philosophy of Education Teaching Tea

The Purpose of Education Going through my years of education, often I have wondered what the points of many of my classes have been. Now, as I prepare to enter the field of teaching, I again am evaluating why we need to educate children. I believe that some of the main purposes of education, other than the obvious purpose of acquiring knowledge, are to teach our culture, to develop social skills, to refine the use of our language, and to develop problem solving skills and logical reasoning. These are all important parts of our everyday life that are conveyed through the many things we accomplish throughout our education. Learning culture through education is an important part of our learning experiences. Before a child goes to school, they are only introduced to culture that their family is a part of. Going to school you see the general norms that are accepted, not just in schools, but in the working world as well as everyday life outside of the home. While some children may be the center of attention constantly in their home, in school they learn that they cannot always be everyone’s main focus all the time. It also teaches children responsibility and that if they do not do what is asked of them, there will be consequences. Developing social skills is an incredibly important part of a student’s education. Through interacting with their peers, students learn what is and isn’t appropriate when dealing with others, as well as how to ...

The Basis for Today’s Weapons of War

During World War Two, many types of technology were being invented and advanced. Most types of technology are often discovered by or at least first utilized by the government and military, and there is no time in which this is more evident then in wartime. All countries want to be the most advanced and have the newest technology that would be even unimaginable to their counterparts. World War Two was in some ways, the beginning of a time filled with much technological advancement. All of the more prominent countries of the free world were involved in advancing these new types of technology. Some countries were the engineers and others were the followers. The United Sates, who remained neural during the first half of the war, were the most prominent engineers of this time of technological advancement. Many new weapons were being used by all of the countries built with technology first developed by the United States. Decoding machines were becoming more prevalent in this War then in any other before. Aviation technology, along with submarines were being advanced. And of the most useful aspects of technology in World War Two, was Nuclear Energy. The advancement of nuclear technology as used in the invention of the Atomic Bomb was the most valuable of all the types of technological advancement in World War Two. The discovery of x-rays in 1895 was the first step toward nuclear energy research. Wilhelm Roentgen discovered x-rays in 1895 when he noticed that some fluorescent material was glowing that he had laying near a covered cathode ray tube (Rhodes, 42). When he put his hand between the tube and the material he could see the glow was a little more dull but still visible. He could also see bones of his hand as a refection on the material. Roentgen realized that whatever the substance was that was making the material glow, was penetrating the black paper cover of the tube and thus creating this reflection. After Roentgen†s discovery of the x-rays, in 1896, Henri Becquerel wondered what the substance was that could make the fluorescent material glow. He conducted some research of his own only to discover radioactivity. However, it was not named radioactivity until later by Marie Curie. Becquerel discovered the first radioactive element of Uranium. Himself, Curie and others went on to discover many other radioactive elements. Radium was discovered by Curie in 1898 and found to emit more heat at one time then any other substance (Walker). Another chemical/physical process was not found that could change the release rate of energy until 1939 when uranium fission was discovered. These discoveries came right in time for WWII. This was the beginning of atomic research by the United States as well as other countries. President Franklin D Roosevelt received a letter from Albert Einstein in August of 1939 informing of German Atomic research and the potential for a bomb. Roosevelt immediately â€Å"†¦ ormed committees to investigate military implications of atomic research (EM)†. In the mean time, the United States, whom was neutral prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor in December of 1941 by Japan, entered the war. The United States were now in more of a hurry to research atomic energy. After much more research, the United States decides to start the building of an atomic bomb, before the Germans (Rhodes, 431). This secret project was known as the Manhattan Project with General Leslie Groves in charge. Locations that contained research facilities were Washington, Tennessee, and New Mexico. Much research was also done at many university laboratories that included Columbia, New York and Berkeley, California. Many people, including civilians were hired for this top-secret mission. The employees did not even know what they were working on until the bombing of Hiroshima in 1945. The site chosen for the center laboratory in November 1942 was in Los Alamos, New Mexico. Robert Oppenheimer was selected as the director of this site (Hoddeson, 6). The goal to be achieved at this site was to create a bomb small enough that could be carried by an airplane but also contain enough nuclear power. The scientists at the Los Alamos site were simply told that they were working on a project that may help end the war. Altogether, 5,000 people worked and lived with their families at Los Alamos. 300,000 people across the states were involved in the project. Many experiments and tests of nuclear energy were performed but never a full-scale test of an actual explosive weapon until July 1945, 18 months after a site was established to do so (Rhodes, 667). This site was to be known as Trinity and it opened in March 1944 in Alamagordo, New Mexico. In July 1945, the first successful test of a nuclear weapon was complete. President Franklin D. Roosevelt died on April 12, 1945 of a cerebral hemorrhage. Vice President Harry Truman knew nothing about the Manhattan Project and was briefly informed of it the same day that he took over the Presidency. President Truman, who had taken over office only 4 months sooner, made the decision to drop the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima, Japan on August 6, 1945. Nagasaki, Japan was also bombed on August 9, 1945. The United States had succeeded in being the first in detonating an Atomic Bomb. The time and money that the United States had put into atomic research had paid off. Japan Surrendered and World War Two would soon come to an end. The end of World War Two brought along with it another beginning – The beginning of the Cold War. The years of the Cold War included a great threat in which many countries were at a race for nuclear warheads. The Soviet Union and the United States were the most prominent of these countries. Between the two, they had more than 40,000 nuclear bombs (Drell, 132). This made up 99 percent of all the nuclear explosives in the world. This threat lasted until the Cold War ended in November of 1990. This was done by a pact signed at the United Nations Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (EM). In July 1991, the United States and the Soviet Union also signed their own pact to cut back on nuclear arms by more than 30 percent within a time period of seven years. After the United States dropped the bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, not only did it bring with it the Cold War, but also the after effects of the nuclear explosions. Although World War two ended in August of 1945, the underlying effects of the atomic bomb have stayed with us, not to mention the immediate effects. The immediate effect of course included the destroyed cities and many casualties. In Hiroshima, the deaths that occurred the same day and were caused by the blast totaled to 45,000. The deaths that occurred 2 days – 4 months afterward came up to 19,000 (Kondo, 4). The numbers of deaths in Nagasaki were slightly less. 22,000 immediate casualties from the initial blast and 2 days – 4 months later there were 17,000 deaths due to the bombing. This is not mentioning the other surviving casualties who suffer from other effects. There was more surviving casualties then deaths caused by the bombings. The most recent data showed there to be 73,884 people dead and 74,909 people injured (Kondo, 4). Of the people that died 2 days to 4 months after the bombing, the causes of death consisted of burns, lesions, and radioactivity and bone marrow injury. Many of the people that did survive lost their homes and their means of survival. All of the survivors in the areas in and around Hiroshima and Nagasaki suffered from immense amounts of radiation and radioactive fall-out caused by the bombings. Some died of the initial radiation, but more died of residual radiation. Of the people that died of a bone marrow injury, it was mostly because the leukocyte count was so low. The people did not have enough white blood cells, the cells that fight sickness and infection, to heal themselves (Kondo, 7). People with open wounds, lesions, died of infectious disease. And others suffered from heat caused by the blast and serious burns that could not heal. It is believed that the radiation resulting from the bomb is responsible for many defects that occurred in newborn babies. Atomic energy is a very serious type of technology. It is in no way meant to be taken lightly. This is the one type of technology created by humans that could bring about the destruction of all humankind. While it was very useful in bringing about the end of World War Two, it could just as easily start other wars. Many lives were probably saved by the use of the Atomic Bomb in WWII. Had the war continued, many more people from many countries would have died. It is evident that the bombings created a tremendous amount of grief caused by the pollution and medical effects. Many efforts still exist to this day to treat people suffering from the underlying effects of the bomb and to clean up much of the land and air pollution that was caused by the radiation. Today, there are many other uses of nuclear energy rather than just bombs. There are many nuclear power plants. Efforts are also being made to keep these plants under control and to regulate the amount of waste and pollution produced by them. I hope that we are all aware of the many advantages of nuclear energy and appreciate it but also to know of the many dangers created by nuclear energy as well.

Ikea Strategic Brand Management

When people talk about furnitures, the first brand which comes to mind is IKEA. Originating from Sweden, IKEA first open shop in 1958, then in Norway in 1963 and soon after, it spread throughout the whole of Europe and thus slowly making its way to the whole world. With their biggest market in Germany with 45 stores followed by United States with 35 stores, now IKEA have 313 stores in 30 countries. (Cult Branding, 2012). Known for its simplistic design which has maximum optimization, IKEA product ranges from not only furniture but also different furniture segments such as kitchen cabinets, build-in wardrobe and much other furniture.IKEA strategic brand management in making the brand such a craze among its customer and thus leading to a brand value which is important for IKEA’s entire product line making IKEA one of the most valuable brand in the furniture niche. A visit to IKEA for either shopping or leisure would reveal several factors on why customers come back over and over again for not only products from IKEA but also the shopping experience from IKEA. Comparing a visit to IKEA with any other furniture outlet is different as one gets the sense of belongingness as the layout of every IKEA store makes one feels homely.It is so that customers can visualize their homes when buying IKEA products. IKEA’s interior designing team designed the rooms or kitchens in a way that people could visualize how their homes will look like before purchasing the product from IKEA making a purchase from IKEA a worthwhile one. Adding to that, IKEA made things different as its furniture and home furnishing shopping is differentiated so well, consumers who wanted specific products from specific departments of the home. Another value added to IKEA’s brand is about the design of the products.Eventhough IKEA’s product design are minimalistic, the products presents itself in an innovative way in such that it does not take much space and yet still being able to function better or on par with what the particular product will do which still look pleasant to house owners or visitors instead of a sore eye. For instance, IKEA’s simple Lackside coffee table might look like a dull one in black and white, but throwing in the colours made it fun to look it although an old school design is used.In a sense, that the designs are modern and traditional with functionality. IKEA’s products always come with a set of instruction manuals that are not complicated and are straightforward making IKEA’s product being easily assemble without much of hassle which in turn keep their prices low and reasonable to the range of products being sold. Making products in such way added value to the brand IKEA as furnitures are often regarded as comes in one piece or do it yourselves which is very difficult to assemble.Having products in low and reasonable price range, it is no surprise that the brand IKEA appeals to most people, primarily to young urban couples or families which do not want to burn a deep hole in their pockets in their investment of their first house. However, this does not mean that people on the middle income or higher income do not buy products from IKEA. IKEA produces products in such it varies in prices depending on its differences. Therefore, the brand IKEA is made stronger by introducing a variety of product ranges with different product prices which caters and fulfill to any level of income consumer’s need in the market.Despite having products at such low prices, this does not show that products sold are not of quality as buyers are given a sense of value to their household items but satisfying the customers saying â€Å"less is more†. Not only that, every single year, IKEA’s product prices are cut down even further which made it favourable for consumers who could not afford to get it the following year, thus making the IKEA brand also a favourable one. Taking things a few steps b ack, most of IKEA’s product are made of wood which somehow does not go well with the word environment in various ways. Therefore, waste reduction is a crucial key in production.IKEA’s designers and engineers strive to reduce the amount of material used and wasted in production of its furnitures. Additionally, many waste products are then used to make new products, which in turn further reducing overall cost both to the pocketbook as well as to the environment. Adding on to this, the Recovery Department is responsible for sorting and recycling all recyclable materials, including packaging broken down in-sotre as well as materials collected from customers at recycling donation bins where available. In conclusion, IKEA’s strategic brand management involves its retail and alue to be seen by consumers all around the world. Using differentiation to its advantage, IKEA differentiates themselves with other big home furnishing and furnishing outlets available such as Big Brand, Darby and Vandrie through products which are innovative, quality and yet low in prices. And thus, living to its tagline â€Å"affordable solutions for better living† says it all. (IKEA 2012) References Cult Branding. (2012). The IKEA Cult Brand Profile. The Cult Branding Company. Retrieved from http://www. cult-branding. com/ikea-cult-brand-profile IKEA (2012). Welcome to IKEA. Retrieved from http://www. ikea. com/

Famous Geographers and People Who Studied Geography

Famous Geographers and People Who Studied Geography There are a few famous people who studied geography and then moved on to other things after obtaining a degree. There are also a few notable geographers within the field who have made names for themselves within and outside the discipline. Below, youll find a listing of famous people who studied geography and famous geographers in their own right. Famous People Who Studied Geography The most famous former geography student is Prince William (the Duke of Cambridge) of the United Kingdom who studied geography at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland; having switched from studying the history of art. He received his  Scottish masters degree (the equivalent of a U.S. bachelors degree) in 2005. Prince William utilized his navigational skills to serve in the Royal Air Force as a helicopter pilot. Basketball great Michael Jordan graduated with a degree in geography from the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill in 1986. Jordan took several courses in the regional geography of the Americas. Mother Teresa taught geography at covenant schools in Kolkata, India before she founded the Missionaries of Charity. The United Kingdom (where geography is a very popular university major) claims two additional famous geographers.  John Patten  (born in 1945) who was a member of Margaret Thatchers government as Education Minister, studied geography at Cambridge.   Rob Andrew  (born 1963) is a former England Rugby Union Player and Professional Rugby Director of the Rugby Football Union who studied geography at Cambridge. From Chile, former dictator Augusto Pinochet  (1915-2006) is usually cited as a geographer; he wrote five books on geopolitics, geography, and military history while associated with Chiles Military School. Hungarian Pl Count Teleki de Szà ©k [Paul Teleki]  (1879-1941) was a university professor of geography, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungarian Parliament, and Prime Minister of Hungary 1920-21 and 1939-41. He wrote a history of Hungary and was active in Hungarian scouting. His reputation is not great since he governed Hungary during the ramp-up to WWII and was in power when anti-Jewish laws were enacted. He committed suicide over disputes with the army. Russian Peter Kropotkin [Pyotr Alexeyevich Kropotkin] (1842-1921), a working geographer, secretary of the Russian Geographical Society in the 1860s, and, later, anarchist and communist revolutionary. Famous Geographers Harm de Blij (1935-2014) was a famous geographer known for his studies in regional, geopolitical and environmental geography. He was a prolific author, a professor of geography and he was the Geography Editor for ABC’s  Good Morning America  from 1990 to 1996. Following his stint at ABC, de Blij joined NBC News as a Geography Analyst. He is best known for his classic geography textbook  Geography: Realms, Regions, and Concepts. Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859) was described by  Charles Darwin as the greatest scientific traveler who ever lived. He is widely respected as one of the founders of modern geography. Alexander von Humboldts travels, experiments, and knowledge transformed western science in the nineteenth century. William Morris Davis  (1850-1934) is often called the father of American geography for his work in not only helping to establish geography as an academic discipline but also for his advancement of physical geography  and the development of geomorphology. The ancient Greek scholar Eratosthenes is commonly called the father of geography for he was the first to use the word  geography  and he had a small-scale notion of the planet that led him to be able to determine the circumference of the Earth.

12 Fantastic Volunteer Opportunities for Teens

12 Fantastic Volunteer Opportunities for Teens SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Interested in volunteering? Volunteering is a great extracurricular activity that looks good on college applications. Volunteering shows colleges that you dedicated your time and effort to helping others! Not sure what volunteer opportunities are available to you? There are a lot to choose from! In this article, I’ll tell you what volunteering entails, list the types of volunteer opportunities for teens, and give a brief description of each. What Does Volunteering Entail? The exact tasks you’ll be doing while volunteering will vary by volunteer activity. However, all volunteering is essentially like having an unpaid job.You’ll be given a specific set of duties (which will vary based on where you choose to volunteer - if you're working at an animal shelter you’ll have different tasks than if you're working as a tutor for homeless youth). As a volunteer, you’ll be trained for your specific job, and you’ll be required to make a time commitment.Most (if not all) volunteer programs spend time and money training you to be a volunteer. They want to make sure that if they’re going to spend resourceson you that you’re committed to them.They expect you to commit to volunteering for at least one shift per week for a few months if not a full year.Again, the exact commitment will vary by volunteer program. Below, I’ll explain how to find out exactly what your volunteer work will involveand how to sign up to be a volunteer. 6Types of Teen Volunteer Opportunities I’ve organized this list of volunteer opportunities for teens into six subcategories: Hospitals Animals People in Need Literacy and Education Museums Community and Environment NOTE: Exact opportunities will vary by location.If you live in or close to a metropolitan area (New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, etc.), you’ll likely have access to all of these volunteer opportunities. If you live in a more rural area, you may have access to feweropportunities. HospitalVolunteer Opportunities Thinking abouta career in medicine? Being a hospital volunteer is a great way to test out that interest and see if you enjoy working in a hospital setting.Typically, you have to be 16 or older to volunteer, and the hospital volunteer jobs you’ll be allowed to do as a teen will be more limited than hospital volunteer jobs for adults ( i.e. you won’t be allowed to do any jobs that require driving). For more information on hospital volunteer opportunities along with information on how to sign up, read our complete guide to being a hospital volunteer. Animal-Related Volunteer Opportunities Love animals? Interested in being a veterinarian or zoologist? Just hoping to play with animals in your spare time?There are several different animal-related volunteer opportunities for teens. One option is beingan animal shelter volunteer (usually you have to be 16 or older).As an animal shelter volunteer, it’ll be work first and then play. You’ll spend a lot of time cleaning up after the animals, feeding the animals, and helping potential adopters through the adoption process. After finishing these tasks, you will get to play with the animals.For more information on what being an animal shelter volunteer entails, along with information on how to sign up, read our guide to volunteering at an animal shelter. If you’re too young to be an animal shelter volunteer or if you don’t have the time to dedicate to working shifts every week at the animal shelter, consider signing up to be a foster volunteer.This opportunity means taking care of an animal at your house until it is adopted. You’ll need your parent's support and permission to foster animals. If you’re interested in being a foster volunteer, make sure that you and your family have the time to dedicate to caring for the animals you foster. If you’re interested in working with wild animals (rather than dogs and cats) or if you’re too young to volunteer at an animal shelter, you might want to see if you can be an animal sanctuary volunteer or zoo volunteer. Typically, you only need to be 14 or older to volunteer at an animal sanctuary or zoo.You will only be able to take advantage of this opportunity if you have an animal sanctuary or zoo in your area. If you don’t, the next best opportunity will be being an animal shelter volunteer. Before starting your volunteer work, most zoos/sanctuaries require you undergo a training program (the length of time will vary). During the training program, you’ll learn about conservation and ecology issues, biomes, and the species of the plants and animals at the zoo/sanctuary. Why do zoos and sanctuaries make you undergo an intensive training program?As a volunteer, you’ll be assisting with the educational programs offered there. You may even be running some of the lectures by yourself. The zoo/sanctuary wants you to be extremely informed so that you’ll be able to answer the questions you’re asked by visitors. Note: As a zoo/sanctuary volunteer, you most likely will not be allowed to interact with the animals. The people who work at these placeshave years of training and experience. These animals can be dangerous and need to be handled with care.You will not be getting the same training and will therefore not be allowed to have the same interactions with animals.Instead, you'll be doing the activities mentioned above (helping with educational programs and lectures). If you’re interested in signing up to be a zoo/sanctuary volunteer, conduct a Google Search for â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] Zoo Volunteer† or â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] Animal Sanctuary Volunteer† to find opportunities in your area. People in Need Volunteer Opportunities Interested in helping the homeless? Consider volunteering at your local soup kitchen.As a soup kitchen volunteer, you might cook food, help distribute food to the homeless, and clean up the food and plates/utensils. Note:Soup kitchen volunteering is oftennot as regimented as other volunteer opportunities. Many soup kitchens allow you to just show up for a shift without signing up in advance. Also, many soup kitchens are only open a few days per week. However, this will vary by soup kitchen. To find a local soup kitchen andtheir volunteer policies, Google Search â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] Soup Kitchen Volunteer.† If you’d like a slightly more regular volunteer activity that helps the homeless, consider signing up to be a food bank volunteer. Food banks typically allow volunteers 14 and older.As a food bank volunteer, you’ll help sort, inspect, and repackage donated food items from local food drives and donations.It can be a tediousjob, but it’s very important to make sure families in need are getting good, non-perishable food. To find a local food bank, Google Search â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] Food Bank Volunteer.† Interested in helping the elderly?You should consider volunteering at your local nursing home.As a nursing home volunteer, you might help with meal delivery, cleaning up meals, helping the elderly with daily tasks, or entertaining an elderly person (by reading to them, talking to them, watching movies with them, etc.). To find a local nursing home, Google Search â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] Nursing Home Volunteer.† Interested in construction? Want to help people in your community find homes? Likeworking with your hands? Consider becoming a volunteer with Habitat for Humanity.As a volunteer, you’ll be assisting in the construction of homes for people who couldn’t otherwise afford a house. You’ll be putting nails in the walls, painting, and more.Habitat for Humanity operates in most of the US. To find an opportunity near you, check out the Habitat for Humanity website. Literacy and Education Volunteer Opportunities Love being around books? You should consider being a library volunteer.As a library volunteer, you may organize books, help repair books, help visitors locate books, help visitors use the computer, or help younger students with their homework. Find out how to sign up to volunteer at your local library by doing a Google Search for â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] library volunteer.† Interested in becoming a teacher or helping other students with their homework? You should consider becoming a volunteertutor.As a tutor, you’ll help elementary or middle school students with their homework. There are various volunteer tutoring organizations throughout the country. Consider checking outSchool on Wheels, which offers free tutoring to homeless youth. It's a great option because you can participate no matter where you live.If you live in an area where School on Wheels operates, you will meet up with the program participants in person and tutor them one-on-one.If you live outside the area in which School on Wheels operates, you can still volunteer by becoming an online tutor, and you’ll tutor via Skype (or a similar program). To become a tutor, you must have a 3.0 GPA or better and must submit a letter of recommendation from a current teacher.To learn more about volunteering through School on Wheels, visit their website. Do you love writing? Consider checking out 826, which needs volunteers for their free after-school tutoring as well as other programs (field trips/writing workshops). 826 offers free tutoring and other programs to encourage students to get excited about their writing. There are 826 branches in Los Angeles, Valencia, NYC, Boston, Chicago, Michigan, and Washington, D.C. To explore other volunteer tutor opportunities in your area,Google Search â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] VolunteerTutor.† Museum Volunteer Opportunities Interested in someday working at a museum? Have a fascination with art, science or history?You may want to be a museum volunteer. Most museums offer volunteer programs for teens ages 16 or older.If you live in a rural area, you may not have access to this opportunity, or you might be more limited in your museum volunteer opportunities ( i.e. you might only have an art museum to volunteer at but no natural history museum).Find out what museums are in your area by doing a Google Search for â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] museum.† As a museum volunteer, you’ll educate guests about museum exhibits, conduct workshops and demonstrations for visitors, and/or provide administrative support (help with ticketing and directing visitors).Find a museum volunteer opportunity in your area by doing a Google Search for â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] [Museum Name] volunteer.† Community and Environmental Volunteer Opportunities Interested in helping the environment? Consider signing up to be a beach cleanup volunteer or forest/park/nature cleanup volunteer.Similar to being a soup kitchen volunteer, volunteering to do a cleanup is not as regimented as other volunteer opportunities. You usually just sign up to do one day and then can sign up for future cleanups if you want. You do not need to make a long-term volunteeringcommitment. As a cleanup volunteer, you’ll be helping pick up garbage on the beach or in the forest or park.This is an extremely important for reducing pollution and helping little creatures (many ingest or get tangled in our trash). To find a cleanup opportunity near you, search for â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] [beach, forest, or park] cleanup volunteer.† Do you enjoy gardening? Look into becoming a volunteer in a local community garden.This is a non-traditional volunteer opportunity in that you most likely will not be interacting with people. You’ll likely be given a portion of a community garden thatyou’re responsible for maintaining. Don’t worry! You don’t need to be a gardening whiz. You’ll receive training and support from the coordinators. Find a garden volunteer opportunity in your area by doing a Google Search for â€Å"[Your Hometown Name] community garden volunteer.† How Should You ChooseYour Volunteer Opportunity? With so many volunteer opportunities available to you, how should you decide what to do? To pick the perfect volunteer opportunity, you need to ask yourself a few questions. First, what are your interests? Do you love reading? Consider volunteering at a library. Do you love science? Mayvolunteering at a science museum is the best option for you. Is there a future career you'd like to explore?Are you interested in potentially being a doctor or nurse? Consider volunteering at a hospital to test out that career path. Are you thinking aboutbeing a veterinarian? Consider volunteering at an animal shelter. What are your favorite causes? Do you aspire to stop climate change? Consider volunteering for a beach/park/forest cleanup. Do you want to help the homeless? You may want to volunteerat a food bank or soup kitchen. How much time do you have to commit to your volunteer opportunity? Can you commit to volunteering for 4 hours every other week? If you can, great! You can do any of the opportunities listed above. However, if you're not able to commit to volunteering that often, consider trying to volunteer at a cleanup or at a soup kitchen, both of which require no long-term commitment. What is the age requirement?Most of the volunteer opportunities require you to be 16 or older, so if you're younger, your options may be somewhat limited. If you're under 16,you can volunteer at a soup kitchen, food bank, or zoo. You might be able to do one of the other volunteer opportunities, but you'll have to contact the specific volunteer programs to ask. Would you rather work with people, animals, or by yourself?Most volunteer opportunities listed above involve interactions with people and helping people. However, you don't have to work with people. If you volunteer at an animal shelter, you'll be working mostly with animals, and as a garden volunteer, you'll work primarily alone. Take all of these considerations into account when picking your volunteer opportunity, and hopefully, the answers to these questions will guide you to the perfectvolunteer match! Why Should You Volunteer? Volunteering has many benefits.Through volunteering, you'll get to explore a passion you have (such as literature or medicine).Also, by volunteering, you can support a cause you love such as helping the homeless.You can also meet like-minded students, who share your passion or want to support that cause. Volunteering is a great opportunity to test out whether you’d like to pursue a specific career (such as medicine, education, etc.).It's great to try and find your passion in high school, so you don't waste time and money during college trying to figure out what you want to major in.If you don’t enjoy volunteering at a hospital, maybe pre-med isn’t for you.If you love volunteering at an animal shelter, maybe you should pursue a career as a veterinarian. Volunteering is also a great extracurricular for your college application.It shows you selflessly dedicated your time and effort to helping others!Additionally, volunteering is a free experience that won’t cost you anything other than time. However, there are a few negative aspects of volunteer work.Volunteering can be extremely time-consuming.If you’re passionate about your volunteer work, hopefully, you'll be willing to dedicate 4 or more hours per week (or every other week) to volunteering.If you don’t like your volunteer work, you may find the time commitment to be a burden. If you don’t have the time to commit to regular volunteer work, consider trying one of the volunteer opportunities with no lengthy time commitment (such as being a soup kitchen volunteer or beach cleanup volunteer). Some students may find their volunteer work boring.As I said above, at a lot of these jobs, you’ll be doing menial work (cleaning up, answering phones).I still think it's valuable to try volunteering. If you don’t enjoy your initial volunteer work, consider looking into a different volunteer opportunity or looking into an entirely different extracurricular activity. What’s Next? Interested in learning about other extracurricular activities? Learn more about joining student council or joining a sports team. Do you want to volunteerover the summer? Learn more about the best volunteer abroad programs. Interested in doing a pre-college program over the summer? Learn more about Emory Pre-College Program and Boston University Summer Challenge. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: